Viking Names
Normanton
Normanton, in the Framland Hundred of Leicestershire, takes its name from the Old English ethnonym Norðman ‘Northman, Norwegian’ and the Old English element tun ‘farm, settlement’. There are several places of this name, predominantly in the East Midlands: five in Nottinghamshire, and some in Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire and Rutland, and one in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The settlement lies in the Vale of Belvoir and previously had the affix in le Vale. Traditionally, the place-name has been interpreted as referring to a settlement of Norwegians (in an area where most of the Scandinavian settlers were Danes). However, the exact implications of such a name are not yet fully understood and are the subject of ongoing work by Dr Jayne Carroll of the Institute for Name-Studies, University of Nottingham.
Read More
Viking Objects
Copper-Alloy Strap-End (LEIC-07ED69)
This tongue-shaped strap-end, classed as Thomas Class E Type 3, is decorated with a rectangular cross-sectioned vertical ridge running down its centre with incised ‘saltaire’ crosses.
Read More
Viking Objects
Continental Sceat (LEIC-901FF1)
This silver Continental sceat is possibly part of Seaby 843 Series X which are considered to be associated with the early trading center at Ribe. It is very likely that they made their way to England by means of Vikings.
Read More
Viking Objects
Disc Brooch (LEIC-604DE5)
This example of an Anglo-Scandinavian copper-alloy disc brooch features a Borre-style knot design surrounded by a concave-sided lozenge motif. It has been classified as East Anglian Series Type I. For more information on Scandinavian jewellery in England check out our blog: Brooches, Pendants and Pins: Scandinavian Dress Accessories in England.
Read More
Viking Names
Keythorpe
Keythorpe, in the Gartree Hundred of Leicestershire, is an Anglo-Scandinavian hybrid from the Old English male personal name Keyia or Keia and Old Norse þorp ‘a secondary settlement, a dependent outlying farmstead or hamlet’. It was a daughter settlement of Tugby, which it is now a joint parish with. Alternatively, the first element could be the Old English male personal name Cœga, but this seems to be too early of a name to pair with þorp. The Old English element cœg ‘a stone’ has also been suggested; however, the drift ecology does not reflect this postulation.
Read More
Viking Objects
Sihtric Caoch Silver Penny (CM.34-2000)
A sword and cross type silver penny of Sihtric Caoch (Sihtric Cáech) minted for the Viking kingdom of Northumbria. Sihtric Caoch was the Scandinavian ruler of Dublin from 917-920 CE and subsequently the ruler of Northumbria from 921-927 CE. It is not certain why he left Ireland. The Irish annals state that it was ‘through the grace of God’ and do not elaborate on the politics behind his departure. After the establishment of the Danelaw, some Viking leaders decided to mint their own coins to solidify their legitimacy in the eyes of the local populace. This created a hybrid economy where some members of the Danelaw used bullion and others used coins. This coin was part of a hoard of twelve coins found at Thurcaston between 1992 and 2000. The coins are Anglo-Saxon, Arabic and Viking issues, and show the diverse and wide-ranging contacts between societies at this time. The hoard was probably deposited c.923-925 CE, approximately five years after Leicester had been retaken by Mercia (c.918 CE). They indicate that a bullion economy was still operating in the Danelaw as late as the 920s. This suggests that the reconquest did not manage to institute Anglo-Saxon practices such as a monetary economy immediately.
Read More
Viking Names
Brentingby
Brentingby, in the Framland Hundred of Leicestershire, is a difficult place-name that presents several problems. It is potentially an Anglo-Scandinavian hybrid from the Old English male personal name Branting or Brenting combined with Old Norse by ‘a farmland, a village’. Alternatively the name could be ‘the by of Brant’s people’ with the Old English –ingas ‘people of’ place-name forming element. However, an Old English folk-name combined with Old Norse by is unusual. Another suggestion is that an early Old English place-name Branting/Brenting, from Old English brant ‘steep’ and the place-name forming suffix –ing, was later compounded with Old Norse by thus ‘the farmstead, village at Branting (‘the steep place’)’. Brentingby stands on a steep slope above the flood-plain of the River Eye.
Read More
Viking Objects
Sword Pommel (LEIC-9158C3)
The pommel is probably a late development of Petersen’s type X which encompases transitional to medieval forms. Copper-alloy pommels with this basic shape are rare but not unknown in Viking Age Europe with a reasonably close example from Lough Derg, County Tipperary, in the National Museum of Ireland. The symmetrical Ringerike-style engraving is very similar to decoration commonly found on stirrup-strap mounts of the eleventh century.
Read More
Viking Names
Croxton Kerrial
The first element of Croxton Kerrial, in the Framland Hundred of Leicestershire, likely comes from the Old Danish male personal name Krōk (Old Norse Krókr), originally a byname meaning ‘crooked-back’, possibly ‘crooked-dealer’ related to Old Norse krókr ‘hook’. Alternatively the first element could be Old English crōc ‘a crook’, which relates to a location situated in a nook or bend of land. The second element is Old English tun ‘an enclosure; a farmstead; a village; an estate’. The land was granted to granted to Bertramus de Cryoll in 1239 thus the affix Kerrial. This name can be compared to South Croxton also in Leicestershire.
Read More
Viking Names
Hoby
Hoby, in the East Goscote Hundred of Leicestershire, is an Anglo-Scandinavian hybrid name from Old English hoh ‘a heel; a sharply projecting piece of ground’ and Old Norse by ‘A farmstead, a village’. The name is topographically appropriate because the present village sits at the foot of a great spur of land which abuts the River Wreake. Hoby is now a joint parish with Rotherby.
Read More
Viking Names
Oakthorpe
Oakthorpe, historically belonging to the Repton and Gresley Hundred of Derbyshire, probably comes from the Old Norse male personal name Áki (genitive singular Áka) and the Old Norse element þorp ‘outlying farm, settlement’. Alternatively the first element of the place-name could be Old English ac ‘oak tree’; however, it is more likely that the Old Norse personal name became confused with this Old English appellative. Oakthorpe is a joint parish with Donisthorpe and they were both transferred to Leicestershire in 1897.