Viking Objects
Urnes-Style Strap-End (LEIC-B46A41)
This fragmentary copper-alloy strap-end is decorated with openwork zoomorphic design in the Urnes style. It has been classified as a Thomas Class G strap-end.
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Viking Objects
Buckle Frame (DENO-98937A)
This copper-alloy buckle frame has a pin rest of zoomorphic form with two widely spaced rounded ears and a rounded snout. It has been classified as a Thomas Class B Type 4 buckle and the decoration is classed as Borre style.
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Viking Objects
Ringerike Buckle (SWYOR-22FFC7)
This cast copper-alloy buckle has some elements of the Ringerike style decorating a broad, flat frame and a narrowed strap bar.
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Viking Objects
Lead Spindle-Whorl (PUBLIC-23FB38)
This lead spindle-whorl is undecorated, with a thick white patina and some patchy brown staining. Fibres were spun into thread using a drop-spindle of which the whorls were made of bone, ceramic, lead or stone and acted as flywheels during spinning.
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Viking Objects
Square Mammen Style Brooch ( LEIC-6AF276)
This small brooch features a bird depicted in the Mammen style. This style of brooch appears to have been produced in the Danelaw but, generally, Mammen-style decoration is rare in Britain. This brooch from Linwood, Lincolnshire, is paralleled by examples from West Stow Heath, Suffolk, and Bergh Apton, Norfolk, but further examples from Cambridgeshire and East Anglia were found in 2015 and 2016. It is a type which has Carolingian-inspired shapes and Scandinavian decoration. Such brooches were an accessory for women who wore Scandinavian dress. For more information on Scandinavian jewellery in England check out our blog: Brooches, Pendants and Pins: Scandinavian Dress Accessories in England.
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Viking Objects
Quartered Carolingian Gold Solidus (CM.163-2010)
This gold solidus of the Carolingian emperor, Louis the Pious (778-840 CE), was cut into pieces as hack-gold. Unlike the imitation gold solidus from the same era, it has not been cut carefully into quarters. Instead it has been snipped to the right size for weighing. Gold coins were used in the Carolingian empire until it adopted a silver standard.
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Viking Objects
Decorative Sword Mount (WMID-2FF927)
A cast copper alloy sword mount with English Urnes style decoration which could have been used on the sword pommel. Pommel mounts developed over time from simple rounded or triangular pieces of metal to more stylized multi-pronged designs. They could be decorated with various inlays or gilding. Pommel mounts are often the only indicators for attributing swords to typologies and, therefore, dating them.
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Viking Objects
Coin of Aethelred (1989-58/3395)
A silver penny of Aethelred I of Wessex was found in the mass grave at Repton and minted by a moneyer apparently called Liabinc. The location of minting is unknown. Aethelred I was King of Wessex from 865 until his death in 871. Aethelred’s reign coincided with the arrival of the Viking Great Heathen Army in England and he fought them with little success during their invasion of Wessex which began in 870. After his death, he was succeeded by his youngest brother, Alfred the Great, who carried on the war with the Vikings. Minting coins was a way of controlling the means of exchange within a kingdom and which created a more easily administered standardized system of trade. Moreover, the coins themselves were often used as propaganda, portraying symbols and statements that gave off a desired message. The Vikings later used the minting of coins to legitimize their own rule.
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Viking Objects
Coin of Cnut the Great (NARC-5DBF29)
This silver penny was minted in Cambridge for King Cnut the Great, the Danish king who reigned over England from 1016-1035. This particualr coin is is classified as a quatrefoil obverse type. Minting coins was a way of controlling the means of exchange within a kingdom and which created a more easily administered standardized system of trade. Moreover, the coins themselves were often used as propaganda, portaying symbols and statements that gave off a desired message. The Vikings later used the minting of coins to legitimize their own rule.
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Viking Objects
Viking York Penny (1995-17)
This silver penny was found during demolition work at St Alkmund’s Church in 1967. This type was minted at York for the rulers Sigeferth and Cnut, but this coin has no names, whether of a ruler, a moneyer or a mint. Sigeferth is recorded as being a pirate in Northumbria around 893 and seems to have assumed control after Guthfrith’s death in 895. Cnut is not attested in written sources but Scandinavian tradition places him in Northumbria around the same time. The joint Sigeferth Cnut coins and the sole issues of Cnut were minted around c. 900. This type of penny is known as Mirabilia Fecit from the Latin Cantate Dominum canticum novum, quia mirabilia fecit. Mirabilia fecit means ‘he made it marvellously’ and is the inscription on one side of the coin while the other has the inscription DNS DS REX (‘Dominus Deus rex’ = ‘the lord God almighty is king’).
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Viking Objects
Circular Weight (LIN-F9FD63)
This copper-alloy weight is decorated with a central punched ring-and-dot motif surrounded by a band of five further ring-and-dot motifs. Weights are an important form of evidence for Viking Age commerce and the use of standards across the different economic systems within which Vikings were integrated. Many of the weights discovered, particularly ones in Ireland and those of Arabic type, suggest that a standardized system of weights existed in some areas. These standard weights, alongside standard values of silver, are what allowed the bullion economy of Viking-occupied areas to function. A bullion economy was a barter economy that relied on the exchange of set amounts of precious metal in various forms, such as arm-rings or coins, for tradeable goods, such as food or textiles. Each merchant would have brought their own set of weights and scales to a transaction to make sure that the trade was conducted fairly.